Scientists Uncover Key Survival Mechanism in Tardigrades

Oxidation of Amino Acid Cysteine Triggers Dormant State, Enabling Survival in Extreme Conditions

Scientists have discovered a key mechanism that allows tardigrades, also known as 'water bears', to survive in extreme conditions. The mechanism involves the oxidation of the amino acid cysteine, which signals the tardigrade to enter a dormant state known as 'tun'.
In this dormant state, tardigrades can withstand extreme heat, near absolute-zero temperatures, and high levels of salt. They can remain in this state for decades or even longer, until environmental conditions improve.
The research was conducted on one species of tardigrade, Hypsibius exemplaris, and further studies are needed to confirm if this mechanism is universal across all tardigrade species.
When the researchers blocked the ability to oxidize cysteine in the tardigrades, they lost their ability to enter the dormant state, further supporting the hypothesis.
Future studies into this mechanism could provide insights into aging, as free radicals may be linked to age-related ailments. The research could also have implications for long-term space travel.