Scientists Reveal Mechanism Protecting Nitrogenase in Oxygen-Rich Environments

New research uncovers how diazotrophs safeguard nitrogenase, a key enzyme in nitrogen fixation, against oxygen damage.

Researchers used advanced cryo-EM and SAXS technologies to detail how FeSII protein protects nitrogenase from oxygen-induced damage.
The FeSII protein binds to nitrogenase in the presence of oxygen, forming protective filaments that halt ammonia production and shield sensitive metal clusters.
When oxygen levels drop, FeSII disengages, allowing nitrogenase to resume its role in converting atmospheric nitrogen into bioavailable forms.
This discovery could pave the way for engineering nitrogen-fixing capabilities directly into plants, potentially reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers and lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
The findings offer critical insights into nitrogenase's structural dynamics, which are essential for addressing global food security and environmental concerns.