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3w ago

Saudi Arabia and Pakistan Seal Pact to Treat an Attack on One as an Attack on Both

The accord formalizes a joint defense pledge, with unanswered questions on scope, nuclear assurances, Saudi policy toward India.

Étreinte entre le prince héritier saoudien Mohammed ben Salmane (à droite) et le premier ministre pakistanais Shehbaz Sharif (à gauche) après avoir signé un accord de défense, à Riyad, le 17 septembre 2025.
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Overview

  • Signed in Riyadh during Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s state visit with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the agreement commits each side to respond to aggression against the other.
  • The Saudi Press Agency said the pact declares any aggression against one party to be considered aggression against both.
  • A senior Saudi official described it to Reuters as a comprehensive defensive accord encompassing all military means, leaving the precise mechanisms and any nuclear dimension unclear.
  • Pakistan, the only Muslim‑majority nuclear‑armed state, already fields an estimated 1,500–2,000 personnel in Saudi Arabia for operational, technical, and training support.
  • India said it is assessing the implications for its security and regional stability, as Saudi officials emphasized maintaining strong commercial ties with New Delhi.