Overview

• The agreement states that any aggression against one will be considered aggression against both, according to Saudi and Pakistani statements.
• Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif signed the pact in Riyadh during Sharif’s state visit.
• The announcement followed Israel’s Sept. 9 strike in Doha targeting Hamas figures, intensifying security worries across the Gulf.
• Both governments declined to say if the commitment covers Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal, leaving the pact’s deterrent boundaries ambiguous.
• India said it will study the implications for its security and broader stability, while the United States and Israel offered no immediate comment.