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Rwanda and DRC Sign Washington Accord to End Support for Rebel Militias

Establishing joint security bodies under U.S. oversight, the agreement includes an economic integration framework that critics say omits accountability measures.

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M23 fighters stand guard during a service organized by the rebels' administration at a stadium in Goma on May 18, 2025
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio speaks during a peace agreement signing ceremony between Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda

Overview

  • Kigali and Kinshasa pledge to end state support for the M23 rebel group and to neutralize the FDLR militants
  • A joint security coordination body will oversee cessation of hostilities and monitor the withdrawal of defensive measures
  • The pact mandates a regional economic integration framework within three months to channel foreign investments into eastern DRC’s mineral sector
  • President Trump touted U.S. access to the DRC’s cobalt and lithium reserves as a key payoff of the accord
  • UN Secretary-General António Guterres hailed the agreement as a major step toward stability, but rights groups warned it omits mechanisms to prosecute past abuses