Overview

• Delegates in Montreal gave Russia 87 votes, short of the 93 needed to rejoin the 36-member governing council.
• The assembly declined Moscow’s immediate request for another round of balloting after the loss.
• Ukraine, the EU, the UK and the U.S. pressed delegations to prioritize safety, citing ICAO findings on MH17, reported GNSS/GPS interference and operation of uncertified aircraft.
• Russia was removed from the council in 2022 after seizing foreign‑leased jets, and it has appealed the ICAO Council’s MH17 responsibility ruling to the International Court of Justice.
• Moscow said exclusion harms ICAO’s authority and pointed to support from BRICS and others, while U.S. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy labeled Russia a serial violator of international norms.