Overview

• Despite sanctions, Russia continues to receive Western technology critical to its war in Ukraine, with China, Hong Kong, Turkey, and the UAE playing key roles in the supply chain.
• Western-origin technologies accounted for almost half of all Russian imports of critical components and 'high-priority' battlefield goods in the first three quarters of 2023.
• Products from U.S.-headquartered companies, including Intel, Analog Devices, Advanced Micro Devices, and Texas Devices, accounted for a significant share of Russian imported battlefield goods and critical components.
• Russian imports of critical components and battlefield goods are down 29% and 10%, respectively, compared to pre-war levels, indicating some effectiveness of export controls.
• Sanctions evasion has helped sustain Russia's military, with the country importing billions of dollars in technology for its war effort each month, routed through third countries to evade Western sanctions.