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RSV Hospitalizations for Infants Drop Significantly After New Immunization Rollouts

CDC data and a Madrid study confirm major reductions in infant RSV hospitalizations following the first widespread use of maternal vaccination and nirsevimab prophylaxis.

DENVER, CO - NOVEMBER 03: National Jewish Health registered nurse Emily Cole, left, prepares to give a pediatric COVID-19 vaccine to Auden Bogdan, 8, as his mother, Trish Raque, comforts him on November 3, 2021 in Denver, Colorado. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has approved the Pfizer-BioNTech pediatric vaccine for the 28 million children aged 5-11 years old. (Photo by Michael Ciaglo/Getty Images)
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Overview

  • The CDC reported a 45–52% decline in RSV hospitalizations for U.S. infants aged 0–2 months during the 2024–2025 RSV season, with a 71% drop when Houston data were excluded.
  • A real-world study in Madrid found that nirsevimab reduced infant RSV hospital admissions by 78%, with an 87% immunization coverage rate achieved in maternity wards.
  • Maternal vaccination with Abrysvo, administered late in pregnancy, was shown to reduce RSV hospitalizations by 68% at three months and 57% at six months of age.
  • Despite the success of these interventions, logistical and financial barriers, including the high cost of stocking nirsevimab, have led to uneven uptake in some hospitals and clinics.
  • Experts emphasize the need to expand access to these tools to ensure broader protection for infants, given RSV's status as the leading cause of infant respiratory hospitalizations worldwide.