Overview

• Patients with the highest triglyceride-glucose (TyG) scores experienced cognitive decline four times faster over three years than those with lower insulin resistance readings.
• Presented at the European Academy of Neurology Congress 2025, the University of Brescia study tracked 315 non-diabetic individuals with cognitive deficits, 200 of whom had biologically confirmed Alzheimer’s disease.
• High TyG levels were linked to blood-brain barrier disruption and cardiovascular risk factors but showed no association with the APOE ε4 genotype.
• As a low-cost, widely available marker, the TyG index could refine selection for anti-amyloid and anti-tau trials and prompt timely lifestyle or pharmacological interventions.
• Researchers are now assessing whether TyG index readings correspond with neuroimaging biomarkers to improve early detection and patient stratification.