Overview

• Rewiring America’s report says residential heat pumps, rooftop solar and home batteries could meet 100% of projected AI data center electricity growth through 2029.
• Hyperscalers would pay 50% of heat pump upgrade costs and 30% of solar‑plus‑storage, which the group estimates could unlock over 93 GW at roughly the cost of new gas plants.
• The modeled parity relies on about a 40% drop in installed solar and battery costs and deployment at exceptional scale, including batteries for nearly every single‑family home.
• DOE’s analysis of virtual power plants indicates 80–160 GW of potential by 2030, lending support to the idea that aggregated home devices can provide substantial peak capacity.
• Illustrative scenarios include freeing about 1.5 GW in Georgia by replacing resistance heating with heat pumps and unlocking roughly 3.9 GW in Texas by upgrading air conditioners, with rooftop solar and storage adding further capacity.