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Researchers Complete Excavation of Caracol Founder’s Tomb as Scientific Analyses Begin

Reconstruction of a jadeite death mask is under way to reveal evidence of early Maya–Teotihuacan connections

© University of Houston
Panel 3 at Structure A9 in the Mayan ruins in the Xunantunich Archeological Reserve in Belize. This panel was originally from a hieroglyphic stairway in Caracol and taken as a trophy of war. (Photo by: Jon G. Fuller/VW Pics/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)
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Overview

  • Excavation of Te K’ab Chaak’s tomb at Caracol’s Northeast Acropolis concluded in July 2025, marking the first identified royal burial found at the site in over four decades.
  • The burial chamber held eleven pottery vessels, carved bone tubes, jadeite jewelry, a mosaic mask, Pacific spondylus shells and other perishable offerings that signal elite status and long-distance trade.
  • Bioarchaeological study indicates Te K’ab Chaak ruled from 331 AD until his interment around 350 AD, dying at an advanced age about 5’7” tall and with no remaining teeth.
  • Artifacts and burial practices suggest formal diplomatic ties between early Caracol rulers and Teotihuacan predating the 378 AD entrada recorded on Maya monuments.
  • Teams are now conducting mask reconstruction alongside ancient DNA and stable isotope analyses ahead of an August 2025 Maya–Teotihuacan conference to deepen understanding of interregional dynamics.