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last mo.

Researchers Complete 400-Year Database of Milky Seas Phenomenon

The Colorado State University team links historical and satellite data to enable real-time study of bioluminescent ocean events.

The larger "milky seas" can be seen from space, as shown in this colorized satellite image of an event.
“Milky seas” are an ocean phenomenon that cause a vast area of the ocean to glow. Scientists are trying to predict when the events occur in hopes of better understanding the bioluminescent display.
For centuries, sailors have told tales of milky seas – huge swaths of ocean glowing on dark nights, seen in blue in this false–color satellite image. Steven D. Miller/NOAA (Credit: Colorado State University/NOAA)
Image

Overview

  • Colorado State University researchers have finalized a 400-year database of milky seas sightings, combining historical sailor accounts, journal records, and satellite imagery.
  • Milky seas, a rare bioluminescent phenomenon, are believed to be caused by luminous bacteria interacting with algal blooms, though much remains unknown.
  • The database reveals that milky seas are most frequently observed in the Arabian Sea and Southeast Asian waters, with potential links to climate patterns like the Indian Ocean Dipole and El Niño Southern Oscillation.
  • This resource will enable targeted research expeditions to collect real-time biological and chemical data, a significant step beyond prior sporadic studies.
  • Researchers aim to uncover the environmental and economic implications of milky seas, including their role in nutrient cycles, ecosystem health, and potential impacts on fisheries.