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Researchers Capture Correlated Zero-Point Motion in Medium-Sized Molecule

The experiment leveraged ultrafast X-ray Coulomb Explosion Imaging at the European XFEL to validate quantum predictions of coordinated atomic vibrations, opening the way to electron dynamics studies alongside applications in larger molecular systems.

Image
Visualisation of collective quantum fluctuations of a complex 2-iodopyridine molecule.
Ultrashort, high-intensity X-ray laser pulses trigger controlled explosions of molecules – making it possible to capture high-resolution images of molecular structures. (Credit: Till Jahnke / Goethe University Frankfurt)

Overview

  • The team induced controlled explosions in 2-iodopyridine molecules using femtosecond X-ray pulses and recorded fragment trajectories with a specialized COLTRIMS reaction microscope.
  • Analysis of the 11-atom molecule revealed synchronized zero-point vibrations, providing the first direct evidence of correlated quantum motion at absolute zero in a complex system.
  • Quantum-inclusive simulations successfully reproduced the observed atomic patterns in contrast to classical models, confirming the necessity of quantum effects for accurate predictions.
  • Dr. Gregor Kastirke’s XFEL-tailored COLTRIMS apparatus captured fragment impact times and positions with femtosecond precision, enabling detailed three-dimensional reconstructions.
  • Researchers are now preparing follow-up experiments to image faster electron-scale dynamics and to apply the technique to larger molecular assemblies for real-time molecular movies.