Overview

• Financial Times reporting says Washington is prepared to provide intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance as well as air-defense support without deploying U.S. ground troops.
• European and Ukrainian officials told the paper that discussions in recent days clarified U.S. contributions focused on strategic enablers such as command-and-control, logistics, satellite coverage and ground-based radar.
• The proposed architecture is described as three layers: a demilitarized zone monitored by neutral peacekeepers, Ukrainian forces defending a fortified border, and a Europe-led deterrent force supported by U.S. surveillance assets.
• Germany’s vice-chancellor Lars Klingbeil said in Kyiv that Berlin intends to participate in the guarantees, while specific German roles remain undecided.
• Kyiv is pressing for faster commitments, the Pentagon labeled the measures predecisional, and President Donald Trump said concrete guarantees have not yet been discussed.