Overview
- The CSIS and George W. Bush Institute report is based on 100 in-person interviews conducted discreetly inside North Korea between September and December 2023.
- Respondents say Covid-19 spread widely from 2020 despite official ‘zero cases’ claims, with 92% reporting infections before Pyongyang’s May 2022 acknowledgment.
- Fear of punishment led both local officials and citizens to underreport symptoms, creating a “double lie” that masked the virus’s true reach.
- Border closures, market shutdowns and travel bans worsened food and medicine shortages, leaving over 80% of those surveyed facing hunger during lockdowns.
- With virtually no access to vaccines, tests or protective gear, many turned to counterfeit or self-prescribed treatments, and one in five reported witnessing related deaths.