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Reanalysis Overturns Mammoth Cave 'Butchery' Claim, Recasting First Peoples as Fossil Collectors

The finding removes a long-cited 'smoking gun' for human‑driven megafaunal extinctions.

Overview

  • High‑resolution microCT, updated radiometric dating and microscopic fracture analysis show the V‑shaped notch was cut after the kangaroo tibia had fossilized.
  • The team concludes the mark likely resulted from extracting or handling a dry fossil rather than butchering a fresh carcass.
  • An X‑rayed diprotodontid tooth mounted as a charm closely matches Mammoth Cave fossils, indicating fossils were collected and transported over long distances.
  • The authors say there remains no hard evidence that human predation caused continent‑wide extinctions, with climate change still a credible contributor.
  • Co‑author Michael Archer, who advanced the 1980 butchery interpretation, now withdraws that claim and urges updating the scientific record.