Overview

• Researchers at the 2025 Goldschmidt Conference in Prague unveiled continental evidence linking glacier retreat to volcanic reactivation
• Investigations of six Chilean Andes volcanoes using argon dating and crystal chemistry show deglaciation triggered past explosive eruptions
• Pressure loss from thinning ice sheets allows deep magma gases to expand, heightening eruption frequency and explosivity
• More than 100 volcanoes beneath Antarctica’s ice and hundreds more under global glaciers face elevated eruption risks as warming accelerates
• Short-lived volcanic aerosols can cool the climate momentarily, but sustained eruptions emit greenhouse gases that fuel long-term warming and call for enhanced monitoring