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5h ago

Private Coaching Reaches One-Third Of Students, Skewed Toward Urban India, Government Survey Finds

The NSS-based release highlights heavy household financing of schooling alongside large spending gaps between government and private institutions.

The CMS Education Survey 2025 focused specifically on household expenditure for currently enrolled students in school education. (Representative image/HT file)
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Overview

  • Participation in private coaching stands at 27.0% nationwide, rising to 30.7% in urban areas versus 25.5% in rural, with higher secondary rates at 44.6% in cities and 33.1% in villages (37.0% overall).
  • Average annual spending on coaching is Rs 3,988 per student in urban areas and Rs 1,793 in rural areas, climbing at higher secondary to Rs 9,950 and Rs 4,548 respectively.
  • Government schools account for 55.9% of enrolments overall (66.0% rural, 30.1% urban), while households spend Rs 2,863 per student in government schools compared with Rs 25,002 in non-government schools.
  • Course fees are the largest schooling expense at an all-India average of Rs 7,111 per student, with urban households paying Rs 15,143 versus Rs 3,979 in rural areas.
  • Household members fund schooling for 95.0% of students as the primary source, while government scholarships are the first major source for only 1.2%.