Overview

• Final results confirm Rafal Trzaskowski with 31.36% of votes and Karol Nawrocki with 29.54%, setting up a June 1 runoff.
• Far-right candidates Sławomir Mentzen and Grzegorz Braun collectively secured over 21%, creating a key bloc for the second round.
• Trzaskowski, a pro-EU liberal, is aligned with Prime Minister Donald Tusk, while Nawrocki, a nationalist historian, is backed by the Law and Justice party.
• The election occurs during heightened security concerns tied to the war in Ukraine and reported foreign interference, including cyberattacks and foreign-funded ads.
• The runoff will determine whether Tusk’s government can advance its reform agenda or face continued vetoes and political gridlock.