Overview
- A new Science paper found that jurisdictions with bag bans or fees saw 25 to 47 percent fewer plastic bags as a share of total items in over 45,000 US shoreline cleanups.
- State-level bans delivered more robust reductions than municipal or county policies, with no evidence of litter displacement to neighboring areas.
- In many cases, fees on plastic bags generated larger declines in shoreline bag litter than outright bans, potentially driven by fee-funded cleanup efforts or broader retailer coverage.
- Partial bans permitting thicker bags had the weakest impact; the policies were most effective in areas with the highest initial levels of bag litter.
- Researchers caution that overall plastic pollution continues to rise and note that 175 countries are negotiating a global plastics treaty to seek more comprehensive solutions.