Overview
- El Comercio reported he died in Lima at age 90 after a lifetime at the center of Peru’s intellectual life.
- He spent decades at El Comercio as editorial-page chief and later director, helping manage the newspaper’s restitution to its owners in 1980 following the military-era confiscation.
- With a PUCP doctorate in Letters specializing in History and Geography, he pursued archival research at the Archivo General de Indias in Seville on an Instituto de Cultura Hispánica scholarship.
- He taught at PUCP, Universidad de Lima and Universidad Ricardo Palma, held posts in leading historical institutions, and served as UNESCO commission secretary, viceminister of the Interior and director of the National Library.
- His prolific output included more than a thousand historical articles and books through 2025, earning honors such as the Palmas Magisteriales, the Order of Isabel la Católica and the Navy’s 2022 Medalla Naval de Honor al Mérito.