Overview

• Between 2014 and 2023 Spain recorded more than 124,000 pedestrian‑involved crashes, about 3,500 deaths, roughly 130,000 injured and over 17,000 hospitalizations.
• In 72% of collisions the pedestrian had not committed an infraction, yet toxicology shows 41% of fatalities involved alcohol, drugs or psychotropics, rising to 58% in 2023.
• While 86% of incidents occur in urban areas versus 14% on interurban roads, crashes outside cities are about eight times more lethal, with most urban fatal collisions involving passenger cars.
• A survey of 1,700 pedestrians reports widespread risk behaviors and low perceived enforcement, with 37% admitting they use phones while crossing and 79% viewing e‑scooter users as frequent rule‑breakers.
• Madrid concentrates the highest share of pedestrian fatalities (31%), followed by Canarias (27%) and Galicia (24%), and identified hotspots include Barcelona’s Gran Via, Tenerife’s TF‑1, and in Madrid Calle de Alcalá, Paseo de la Castellana, the A‑3 stretch and the M‑30.