Overview
- Thirty-five countries in Paris endorsed a five‑point framework that makes Western security guarantees for Ukraine more binding, centered on a U.S.-led mechanism to verify any ceasefire using intelligence and digital surveillance.
- France and the United Kingdom committed to deploy troops to Ukraine only after hostilities stop as part of a planned multinational force that President Emmanuel Macron said would operate in the air, at sea, and on land away from the contact line.
- U.S. envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner represented the White House, signaling Washington’s readiness to lead monitoring, support the post‑war force, and help deter or respond to renewed Russian attacks.
- A U.S. technical team will remain in Paris for operational and coordination meetings with counterparts from the coalition to work on implementation details.
- National caveats persist, with Italy ruling out sending ground troops and Germany indicating it could contribute forces in neighboring NATO countries, while analysts warn the entire plan depends on a ceasefire that appears unlikely in the near term.