Overview
- The agreement, endorsed in Paris by U.S. envoys, European leaders and Ukraine, outlines long‑term military assistance, a European‑led reassurance force and added aid and sanctions if Russia attacks again.
- A U.S.-led ceasefire monitoring and verification mechanism would track violations, attribute responsibility and prescribe remedies using tools such as drones, sensors and satellites.
- France and the United Kingdom pledged to contribute troops to a post‑ceasefire multinational force, Spain signaled willingness to join, and Germany discussed deploying forces on NATO territory neighboring Ukraine.
- European governments have not secured parliamentary approvals and the United States has not committed to protecting European troops, a gap highlighted by President Volodymyr Zelenskiy’s call for clarity from partners.
- U.S. envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner said the security protocols are largely finished, while a coalition of roughly 30 countries plans to support monitoring and help build defensive fortifications inside Ukraine.