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Pannonhalma Archabbey Library Enters Oxygen-Free Treatment to Combat Beetle Outbreak

The abbey has begun a six-week oxygen-free treatment of 100,000 volumes to kill drugstore beetles ahead of detailed individual inspections.

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100,000 Books at Risk as Beetle Infestation Hits Hungary’s Oldest Library
Books are kept in hermetically sealed plastic sacks for disinfection, at the Pannonhalma Archabbey's library in Pannonhalma, Hungary, Thursday, July 3, 2025, as a beetle infestation threatens its ancient collection. (AP Photo/Bela Szandelszky)
A priest wearing a face mask stands by books kept in hermetically sealed plastic sacks for disinfection at the Pannonhalma Archabbey's library in Pannonhalma, Hungary, Thursday, July 3, 2025, as a beetle infestation threatens its ancient collection. (AP Photo/Bela Szandelszky)

Overview

  • About 100,000 handbound volumes have been sealed in airtight sacks flushed with pure nitrogen for a six-week disinfection.
  • After treatment, conservation experts will inspect and vacuum each book and earmark any beetle-damaged works for specialized restoration.
  • Warmer Hungarian summers have accelerated beetle life cycles, prompting experts to cite climate change in the scale of the infestation.
  • The drugstore beetle targets gelatin and starch-based adhesives in bookbinding and has infested roughly a quarter of the abbey’s 400,000-volume collection.
  • The UNESCO World Heritage library, founded in 996, aims to reopen in early 2026 after completing its conservation program.