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Oil Spike From Iran War Sets Up Hot U.S. CPI, Rekindles Global Price Pressures

Economists expect Friday’s report to show the biggest monthly rise in nearly four years, complicating prospects for Fed rate cuts.

A worker takes a photo of bags of plastic pellets at a warehouse, as rising oil prices drive up production costs for plastic manufacturers, in Dongguan, Guangdong province, China, April 1, 2026.  REUTERS/Go Nakamura
A woman looks at items at a shop in Tokyo, Japan, March 24, 2023. REUTERS/Androniki Christodoulou
FILE PHOTO: Shipping containers are seen at a port in Tokyo, Japan, March 22, 2017. REUTERS/Issei Kato/File Photo/File Photo
Workers at a plastic pellet warehouse take a lunch break, as rising oil prices drive up production costs for plastic manufacturers, in Dongguan, Guangdong province, China, April 1, 2026.  REUTERS/Go Nakamura

Overview

  • Economists surveyed by Reuters expect the CPI due Friday at 8:30 a.m. ET to rise about 0.9% in March and 3.3% year over year, the largest monthly gain since 2022.
  • The war-driven jump in energy pushed U.S. gasoline above $4 a gallon and delivered the biggest one-month fuel cost surge since at least 1957, with households paying about $8.4 billion more for fuel in the first month.
  • With February PCE still elevated at 2.8% headline and 3.0% core, Fed minutes show some policymakers ready to consider rate hikes if inflation proves persistent, reducing the odds of near-term cuts.
  • Global spillovers are emerging as China’s producer prices rose 0.5% year over year after a 41‑month slide, Japan’s consumer confidence fell sharply in March, and Germany’s final March CPI held at 2.7% on higher energy.
  • Analysts warn costs for air travel, trucking, and food could keep climbing for months, even after a brief ceasefire knocked oil lower this week, because supply routes through the Strait of Hormuz remain uncertain and energy prices tend to fall more slowly than they rise.