Overview

• The OECD warns that Mexico’s average annual GDP per capita growth will plunge from 0.67% to 0.05% by 2060 without reforms to formalize work, narrow a 30-point gender gap and boost productivity.
• Spain’s working-age population is set to shrink by 10.3 percentage points by 2060 and adding more immigrants and older adults to the workforce could raise its GDP per capita growth from 0.13% to 0.73%.
• The OECD projects the elderly dependency ratio across member countries will climb to 52% by 2060, heightening pressure on pensions, healthcare and living standards.
• Mobilizing Mexico’s underused labor reserves—closing two-thirds of its gender employment gap and improving older workers’ participation—could lift its GDP per capita growth to 0.41%, or up to 1.55% with productivity gains.
• Governments are called on to reform pension systems and delay retirement ages as part of a broader strategy to shore up labor supply and sustain living standards.