Overview

• John Clarke, Michel Devoret and John Martinis won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics for demonstrating macroscopic quantum tunneling and energy quantization in electrical circuits.
• Their 1984–85 superconducting-circuit experiments at ultralow temperatures showed collective quantum behavior and laid the groundwork for superconducting qubits.
• The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said the physics discoveries opened opportunities for quantum cryptography, quantum computers and quantum sensors, and Martinis later led Google’s 2019 quantum advantage effort.
• Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar Yaghi received the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for creating porous coordination polymers with uniform, tunable nanoscale pores that selectively adsorb gases.
• These materials enable gas storage and separation for environmental, resource and energy uses, and the SEK 11,000,000 prize fund will be divided equally among the laureates.