Overview
- NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center issued a G4 (severe) watch for Nov. 12, flanked by a G2 watch for Nov. 11 and a G3 watch for Nov. 13.
- Multiple recent X‑class flares, including an X5.1, launched several CMEs toward Earth, with the latest described as the fastest and most energetic of the group.
- Auroras have already been photographed across numerous states on Tuesday night, with visibility forecast to reach as far south as Alabama and northern California depending on conditions.
- Forecasters caution that storm timing and intensity remain uncertain until solar-wind monitors about 1 million miles from Earth detect the CMEs, providing roughly 15–60 minutes of lead time.
- Potential effects include HF radio blackouts, GPS and navigation errors, satellite issues and grid voltage control problems, though widespread long-duration outages are not expected.