Overview
- NICE guidance makes Papillon available within the NHS as a non‑surgical option for fit patients with early, operable rectal tumours measuring 3 cm or less.
- The recommendation covers those who decline surgery or are at high surgical risk, with larger tumours eligible if downsized to 3 cm or less, and surgery remains available later if needed.
- Papillon is contact X‑ray brachytherapy that delivers low‑energy radiation directly to the tumour via an intra‑rectal applicator.
- Five‑year OPERA trial results reported organ preservation in 93% of cases with tumours 3 cm or smaller, underpinning the endorsement.
- Developed at Clatterbridge by Professor Sun Myint and used in roughly 3,000 patients, the approach is expected to reduce stoma formation, ease surgical waiting lists and lower NHS costs.