Overview

• A new semipermeable membrane achieves over twice the output power density of existing commercial membranes.
• The innovative design features decoupled channels for ion and electron transport, improving conductivity and reducing resistivity.
• In tests simulating estuary environments, the membrane maintained high performance for 16 days continuously.
• The development could expand the use of ecological materials in energy-harvesting technologies.
• Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the research was published in ACS Energy Letters.