Overview

• A QUT-led study published on April 16, 2025, confirms multiple mineral-forming events beneath Mars' surface, offering insights into the planet's water history.
• Researchers adapted X-ray Backscatter Diffraction Mapping to the Perseverance rover's PIXL instrument, enabling direct analysis of Martian crystal structures.
• Two distinct generations of calcium-sulfate minerals were discovered at varying depths in Jezero crater's Shenandoah formation, indicating diverse ancient conditions.
• The findings suggest multiple potential windows for habitability on Mars, advancing the search for signs of ancient microbial life.
• The study underscores the importance of international collaboration in planetary science, involving QUT, NASA, and the Australian Space Agency.