New Laser Technology Could Help Detect Fossilized Microbes on Mars

Researchers tested a laser-powered mass spectrometer on Earth, showing its potential to identify biosignatures in Martian sulfate minerals.

A laser-powered mass spectrometer has been developed to detect fossilized microbial life in gypsum, a mineral abundant on Mars.
The technology was tested on gypsum deposits in Algeria, which are geologically similar to Martian sulfate minerals.
The device analyzes chemical compositions at a micrometer scale and identifies biosignatures like carbon, clay, and dolomite, which suggest past microbial activity.
Scientists found fossilized microbial filaments in Algerian gypsum, surrounded by minerals associated with biological processes, strengthening the case for its use on Mars.
While promising, further research is needed to refine the method and confirm its reliability for future Mars missions, as no current rover plans include this technology.