Overview

• The Bougival accord signed on July 12 creates a New Caledonian state within France with its own nationality, differentiated powers and a phased reopening of the local electoral roll.
• Caledonian political structures will vote on the agreement this summer, a step required to trigger a territory-wide referendum in early 2026.
• Overseas Minister Manuel Valls warned that the real challenge now lies in convincing the population by explaining and defending the deal on the ground.
• Local reactions remain divided, with some independence advocates condemning concessions on electoral reform and some loyalists calling it a disguised association.
• The pact aims to resolve a long-standing impasse and forestall a return to unrest after the destructive riots of May 2024.