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Nature Publishes AlphaProof, DeepMind’s Verifiable Math AI Behind IMO Silver-Level Score

The paper details an AlphaZero-style agent that learns checkable Lean proofs using large-scale auto-formalization and test-time reinforcement learning.

Overview

  • Nature released an early-access research article by Hubert et al. formally documenting AlphaProof and its methods for formal mathematical reasoning.
  • AlphaProof trains on millions of auto-formalized problems and, for difficult cases, applies Test-Time RL that generates and learns from many related problem variants at inference.
  • Operating in the Lean proof assistant, the system produces machine-checkable proofs that avoid the unverifiable outputs typical of natural-language models.
  • In the 2024 International Mathematical Olympiad evaluation, an AI system using AlphaProof solved three of the five non-geometry problems, including the hardest, and with AlphaGeometry achieved a silver-medallist–equivalent score after multi-day computation.
  • Accompanying summaries report implementation details such as a search “product node” for branching sub-goals and extensive pretraining and autoformalization scale, complementing the paper and its supplementary materials.