Overview

• After a North Atlantic Council meeting, NATO vowed to use all military and non‑military tools within international law and reaffirmed its Article 5 commitment.
• Secretary General Mark Rutte said any shootdown decision would follow real‑time threat assessments; in Estonia, NATO intercepted and escorted the MiG‑31s without escalation.
• Denmark labeled the drone activity over Copenhagen its most serious critical‑infrastructure attack to date, prompting temporary closures there and in Oslo and an investigation under an elevated sabotage threat.
• NATO pointed to a broader pattern of Russian aircraft and drone incursions across multiple allies and reinforced its eastern defenses under Operation Centinela Oriental, while Russia denies any violations.
• Estonia announced plans to raise defense spending to roughly 5–5.4% of GDP to bolster air defenses, drones, long‑range strike and electronic warfare capabilities.