Overview

• All 32 member states committed to raising annual defence outlays from the longstanding 2% of GDP to 5% by 2035.
• The framework mandates a minimum 3.5% of GDP for core military capabilities with up to 1.5% for infrastructure, cybersecurity and civilian preparedness.
• Leaders reaffirmed their ironclad commitment to Article 5, citing the move as vital to counter the long-term threat from Russia.
• The agreement caps a major push by President Trump to pressure allies into boosting their military budgets and is hailed as his key diplomatic achievement.
• Some members, notably Spain, warn they may struggle to meet the new goal without cutting funds from domestic programmes.