Overview
- NATO’s 32 member nations formally agreed at The Hague summit to boost defense budgets to 5% of GDP by 2035, dividing the commitment into 3.5% for traditional military capabilities and 1.5% for non-military security investments.
- Spain declared it will not join the 5% threshold, saying 2.1% of GDP suffices for its needs, while Slovakia argued the 2035 deadline conflicted with economic priorities.
- Germany has amended its Basic Law to exempt defence spending from debt limits, aiming to raise its military budget to 3.5% of GDP by 2029.
- President Trump’s administration is actively pressing Japan and South Korea to increase their defense outlays in line with NATO’s new spending framework.
- The shift to higher and broader defense spending targets is expected to spur global arms demand and reshape the defense industrial base.