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National Assembly Passes 'Yellow Envelope' Labor Amendments in 183-3 Vote

A six-month preparation period will be used to draft implementation guidelines.

The National Assembly passes a controversial labor bill broadening workers' rights, known as the "yellow envelope bill," in a vote led by the ruling Democratic Party on Aug. 24, 2025. (Yonhap)
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Overview

  • The ruling Democratic Party ended an opposition filibuster, and the People Power Party boycotted the final ballot.
  • The amendments to the Trade Union and Labor Relations Adjustment Act expand bargaining rights to subcontracted and indirectly employed workers and curb damage claims and asset seizures over strikes.
  • The presidential office welcomed the outcome, saying the law will take effect six months after promulgation and that the labor ministry will launch a task force to gather input and issue guidance.
  • Labor groups, including the KCTU, celebrated the passage, while six major business lobbies criticized it and urged clarifications during the grace period.
  • Business and investor concerns center on ambiguous terms like “substantial control” and complex multi-party bargaining, with AmCham warning of potential effects on investment and reports saying GM Korea raised concerns about its long-term commitment.