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NASA Launches SPHEREx and PUNCH Missions to Advance Space Science

The dual missions aim to map the cosmos and study solar wind, marking a milestone in astrophysics and heliophysics research.

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A semi-frontal view of the SPHEREx observatory is seen during integration and testing at BAE Systems in Boulder, Colorado, U.S., in this handout photo obtained by Reuters on February 24, 2025. NASA/JPL-Caltech/Handout via REUTERS THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY
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The SPHEREx Observatory is shown after having completed standalone operations in the West High Bay at Astrotech Space Operations Payload Processing Facility at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, U.S., in this handout photo obtained by Reuters on February 24, 2025. NASA/JPL-Caltech/Handout via REUTERS THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY

Overview

  • SPHEREx will create a detailed 3D infrared map of the sky, surveying 450 million galaxies and 100 million stars in the Milky Way over its two-year mission.
  • The telescope will explore the origins of the universe, galaxy formation, and the presence of water and organic molecules in interstellar clouds.
  • PUNCH, a constellation of four small satellites, will study the Sun's corona and solar wind, improving understanding of space weather and its effects on Earth.
  • Both missions launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base and successfully established communication post-launch.
  • The missions leverage innovative designs and rideshare efficiencies, with SPHEREx using a unique cryogenic telescope and PUNCH employing 3D imaging to map solar phenomena.