Overview

• The object is the third confirmed interstellar visitor after ʻOumuamua (2017) and 2I/Borisov (2019), according to recent analyses and NASA guidance.
• Orbital modeling projects a closest approach to the Sun on October 30, 2025 at about 1.4 AU and a minimum Earth distance near 270 million kilometers.
• Observations report a CO2‑rich coma with water, carbon monoxide, ice and dust in unusually high CO2‑to‑water proportions, based on data including JWST readings.
• ESA’s Mars Express and NASA’s Perseverance captured views during a near‑Mars pass in early October, adding a complementary vantage point for characterization.
• Experts say interception is not feasible with current rockets given an inbound speed near 58 km/s, while reported anomalies remain preliminary and do not overturn the comet classification.