Overview

• Researchers demonstrated the method at Jeremiah's Cistern in Jerusalem's City of David, identifying structural anomalies by tracking muon flux variations.
• Findings published in the Journal of Applied Physics document a field-ready approach that paired mobile detectors with LiDAR scans and scenario simulations.
• Muon attenuation through rock reveals voids, with the team citing realistic imaging at roughly 30 meters over feasible measurement periods.
• The group is pursuing smaller, more power-efficient detectors and plans AI-driven 3D reconstruction to turn particle counts into subsurface maps.
• Further testing is planned at Tel Azekah in the Judean Foothills, in collaboration with Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and the Israel Antiquities Authority.