Overview

• House Bill 121, passed by Montana's Republican-controlled House, would prohibit transgender people from using public bathrooms, changing rooms, and sleeping areas that align with their gender identity.
• The bill defines sex strictly by biological characteristics at birth and excludes considerations for intersex individuals or other gender identities.
• Critics argue the bill targets transgender individuals, including openly trans state Rep. Zooey Zephyr, and could increase safety risks and legal challenges for public facilities.
• Supporters claim the bill aims to protect the privacy and safety of women and children, though studies show no evidence that trans-inclusive policies increase safety risks.
• If enacted, the law could lead to significant costs for enforcement and facility modifications, despite the fiscal note stating precise financial impacts are currently unknown.