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MIT Soft Robot Slithers Through Intestine and Performs Biopsies in Pigs

Published in Science Robotics, the study reports tethered short‑distance navigation that captured images and biopsies in pigs without visible tissue injury, setting out next steps for longer‑distance and safety testing.

Overview

  • The study published Oct. 28–29, 2026 shows the BIOSENTER prototype navigated about two meters of pig small intestine in roughly 11 minutes while recording images, taking tissue biopsies, and delivering fluid without visible damage.
  • BIOSENTER is a roughly 3–4 inch soft, hollow tube that moves by inflating four chambers to bend and extend and uses kirigami‑patterned sleeves on its head and tail to grip the slippery mucosal surface for traction.
  • A central channel carries a camera, a fluid sprayer, and clip-based biopsy tools, and the device remains tethered to an external control box so an operator can guide it with a joystick while it operates largely autonomously.
  • Researchers emphasize the work is early‑stage preclinical research and say further engineering, AI navigation improvements, longer‑distance performance tests, systematic safety and usability studies, and direct comparisons with double‑balloon enteroscopy are needed before human trials.
  • If the technology matures, it could shorten and simplify deep small‑bowel exams that now rely on slow, specialist double‑balloon enteroscopy and could expand access to diagnosis and treatment for bleeding, Crohn’s disease, small polyps, and other hard‑to‑reach lesions.