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Microsoft Maps AI Risks to Jobs as Experts Warn of White-Collar Disruption

The study’s ranking of 40 most and least exposed occupations spotlights how surging tech layoffs coincide with rising youth joblessness, underlining an urgent need for reskilling.

Bill Gates says AI is rapidly evolving and could potentially take over professional jobs at a moment's notice.
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Bill Gates attends the 11th Breakthrough Prize Ceremony at Barker Hangar on April 05, 2025 in Santa Monica, California.

Overview

  • Microsoft Research’s “Working with AI” report introduces an AI applicability score to rank 40 occupations most exposed to generative AI—led by translators, writers and service roles—and 40 least exposed, primarily manual and blue-collar jobs.
  • Goldman Sachs data reveals that the tech sector’s share of US employment peaked in November 2022 and has since fallen, with unemployment among 20- to 30-year-olds in tech rising by nearly three percentage points since early 2024.
  • Harsh Goenka and Bill Gates highlight that AI is eliminating routine entry-level and white-collar tasks even as it creates roles like prompt engineers, AI product managers and ethics specialists, stressing adaptability and ongoing learning.
  • Former Google X executive Mo Gawdat cautions that advancing artificial general intelligence could outperform humans in virtually every role—including executive positions—risking broad social and economic upheaval.
  • Policymakers and companies in the US and UK are considering measures such as large-scale reskilling programs, AI taxation and increased training funding to manage workforce displacement and equip workers for AI-augmented careers.