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Michael Smuss, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Fighter and Holocaust Educator, Dies at 99

He spent decades sharing his testimony, receiving Germany’s Federal Cross of Merit weeks before his death.

Overview

  • His wife confirmed he died on Oct. 21, and Yad Vashem announced a Friday funeral in Israel.
  • He joined the Jewish underground in the Warsaw Ghetto and supplied and threw Molotov cocktails from rooftops during the April 1943 uprising.
  • He was deported to multiple camps, including Budzyn, Majdanek, Plaszow, Wieliczka and Flossenbürg, and survived a death march to Stamsried in April 1945.
  • After the war he emigrated to the United States, later moved to Israel, became a painter, and devoted his life to Holocaust education with groups such as Zikaron BaSalon.
  • Germany honored him about a month ago with the Federal Cross of Merit, as tributes noted his passing and some outlets differed on whether he was the last or one of the last Warsaw Ghetto fighters.