Overview

• President Claudia Sheinbaum published the decree in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on October 9, starting the countdown for Congress to pass the law.
• The reform amends Article 73 to authorize a general law that sets minimum definitions and sanctions for extortion, alongside kidnapping, enforced disappearance, trafficking, torture, and electoral crimes.
• Current federal and state rules on extortion remain in force until the general law takes effect, and its transitory provisions will establish timelines and required adjustments.
• The Senate declared the reform constitutional in late September after approval by 22 state legislatures, completing the prerequisite process for publication.
• The presidential explanatory text outlines priorities for the coming policy response, including police intelligence, local anti-extortion units, victim protocols, crisis-negotiation training, and a nationwide prevention campaign.