Overview
- The accord creates one of the world’s largest free‑trade areas, covering about 720 million people and roughly a quarter of global output.
- The text phases out more than 90% of tariffs and includes an environmental annex along with bilateral safeguards for sensitive agricultural sectors.
- EU Trade Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič and Mercosur foreign ministers signed at the Gran Teatro José Asunción Flores, with EU leaders present and presidents Javier Milei, Yamandú Orsi and Santiago Peña attending as witnesses while Brazil’s Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was absent.
- Entry into force is not automatic, requiring approval by the European Parliament and each Mercosur legislature, with provisional application of commercial chapters under discussion.
- Backers frame the deal as strategic diversification in a protectionist period, with EU firms projected to save about €4 billion annually in tariffs and Mercosur agriculture gaining improved access.