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May Inflation Edges Up With First Signs of Tariff-Driven Price Gains

The Federal Reserve is holding interest rates unchanged with an eye on whether Trump’s 10% import tariffs will push inflation higher.

People shop at a grocery store in Brooklyn on May 13, 2025 in New York City.
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Economists had expected inflation pressures to grow in May. One big likely reason: Consumers were starting to see more of the fallout from higher tariff rates.
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Overview

  • Consumer prices rose 0.1% in May, lifting the annual CPI to 2.4% from April’s 2.3%.
  • Core inflation excluding food and energy also increased 0.1% for the month and remained at a 2.8% annual rate.
  • New York Fed data show one-year consumer inflation expectations fell to 3.2% in May, though medium- and long-term outlooks stayed above the Fed’s 2% target.
  • In a Reuters poll, nearly all economists forecast the Fed will keep its benchmark rate at 4.25%–4.50% when it meets on June 17–18.
  • Retailers including Walmart warn that sustained tariffs could drive further price hikes, and Barclays economists predict inflation could near 4% by late 2025 if duties persist.