Overview

• The MapBiomas network recorded a national loss of 111.7 million hectares of natural land since 1985, including 52 million hectares in the Brazilian Amazon.
• Brazil’s natural cover fell from 80 percent to 65 percent between 1985 and 2024, with deforestation peaking from 1995 to 2004.
• The past decade saw renewed land conversion driven by agricultural expansion, forest degradation and climate extremes.
• In 2024 the Pantanal experienced its driest year in 40 years with water levels 73 percent below the 1985–2024 average, triggering widespread wildfires.
• The data intensify scrutiny on President Lula’s 2030 zero-deforestation pledge as delegates prepare for COP30 in Belém.